In this study, we analyze the deficiencies of specific frictional resistance in heating engineering. Based on economic specific\nfrictional resistance,we put forward the concept of comprehensive specific frictional resistance,which considers themultiple factors\nof technology, economy, regulation modes, pipe segment differences, and medium pressure. Then, we establish a mathematical\nmodel of a heating network across its lifespan in order to develop a method for determining the comprehensive specific frictional\nresistance. Relevant conclusions can be drawn from the results. As an application, we have planned the heating engineering for\nYangyuan County in China, which demonstrates the feasibility and superiority of the method.
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